class Pathname

pathname.rb¶ ↑

Object-Oriented Pathname Class

Author: Tanaka Akira <akr@m17n.org>
Documentation: Author and Gavin Sinclair

For documentation, see class Pathname.

Pathname represents the name of a file or directory on the filesystem, but not the file itself.

The pathname depends on the Operating System: Unix, Windows, etc. This library works with pathnames of local OS, however non-Unix pathnames are supported experimentally.

A Pathname can be relative or absolute. It’s not until you try to reference the file that it even matters whether the file exists or not.

Pathname is immutable. It has no method for destructive update.

The goal of this class is to manipulate file path information in a neater way than standard Ruby provides. The examples below demonstrate the difference.

All functionality from File, FileTest, and some from Dir and FileUtils is included, in an unsurprising way. It is essentially a facade for all of these, and more.

Examples¶ ↑

Example 1: Using `Pathname`¶ ↑

require 'pathname'
pn = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby")
size = pn.size              # 27662
isdir = pn.directory?       # false
dir  = pn.dirname           # Pathname:/usr/bin
base = pn.basename          # Pathname:ruby
dir, base = pn.split        # [Pathname:/usr/bin, Pathname:ruby]
data = pn.read
pn.open { |f| _ }
pn.each_line { |line| _ }

Example 2: Using standard Ruby¶ ↑

pn = "/usr/bin/ruby"
size = File.size(pn)        # 27662
isdir = File.directory?(pn) # false
dir  = File.dirname(pn)     # "/usr/bin"
base = File.basename(pn)    # "ruby"
dir, base = File.split(pn)  # ["/usr/bin", "ruby"]
data = File.read(pn)
File.open(pn) { |f| _ }
File.foreach(pn) { |line| _ }

Example 3: Special features¶ ↑

p1 = Pathname.new("/usr/lib")   # Pathname:/usr/lib
p2 = p1 + "ruby/1.8"            # Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8
p3 = p1.parent                  # Pathname:/usr
p4 = p2.relative_path_from(p3)  # Pathname:lib/ruby/1.8
pwd = Pathname.pwd              # Pathname:/home/gavin
pwd.absolute?                   # true
p5 = Pathname.new "."           # Pathname:.
p5 = p5 + "music/../articles"   # Pathname:music/../articles
p5.cleanpath                    # Pathname:articles
p5.realpath                     # Pathname:/home/gavin/articles
p5.children                     # [Pathname:/home/gavin/articles/linux, ...]

Breakdown of functionality¶ ↑

Core methods¶ ↑

These methods are effectively manipulating a String, because that’s all a path is. None of these access the file system except for mountpoint?, children, each_child, realdirpath and realpath.

`File` status predicate methods¶ ↑

These methods are a facade for FileTest:

`File` property and manipulation methods¶ ↑

These methods are a facade for File:

Directory methods¶ ↑

These methods are a facade for Dir:

Utilities¶ ↑

These methods are a mixture of Find, FileUtils, and others:

Method documentation¶ ↑

As the above section shows, most of the methods in Pathname are facades. The documentation for these methods generally just says, for instance, “See FileTest.writable?”, as you should be familiar with the original method anyway, and its documentation (e.g. through ri) will contain more information. In some cases, a brief description will follow.

Constants

ABSOLUTE_PATH: Regexp that matches an absoltute path.
SEPARATOR_LIST: Separator list string.
SEPARATOR_PAT: Regexp that matches a separator.
VERSION: The version string.

Public Class Methods

getwd ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1123
def Pathname.getwd() self.new(Dir.getwd) end

See Dir.getwd. Returns the current working directory as a Pathname.

Also aliased as: pwd

glob (*args, **kwargs) { |pathname| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1099
def Pathname.glob(*args, **kwargs) # :yield: pathname
  if block_given?
    Dir.glob(*args, **kwargs) {|f| yield self.new(f) }
  else
    Dir.glob(*args, **kwargs).map {|f| self.new(f) }
  end
end

See Dir.glob. Returns or yields Pathname objects.

mktmpdir () { |dir| ... }

Source

# File lib/pathname.rb, line 57
def self.mktmpdir
  require 'tmpdir' unless defined?(Dir.mktmpdir)
  if block_given?
    Dir.mktmpdir do |dir|
      dir = self.new(dir)
      yield dir
    end
  else
    self.new(Dir.mktmpdir)
  end
end

Creates a tmp directory and wraps the returned path in a Pathname object.

See Dir.mktmpdir

new (path)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 217
def initialize(path)
  unless String === path
    path = path.to_path if path.respond_to? :to_path
    raise TypeError unless String === path
  end

  if path.include?("\0")
    raise ArgumentError, "pathname contains \\0: #{path.inspect}"
  end

  @path = path.dup
end

Create a Pathname object from the given String (or String-like object). If path contains a NUL character (\0), an ArgumentError is raised.

pwd ()

Alias for: getwd

Public Instance Methods

+ (other)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 668
def +(other)
  other = Pathname.new(other) unless Pathname === other
  Pathname.new(plus(@path, other.path))
end

Appends a pathname fragment to self to produce a new Pathname object. Since other is considered as a path relative to self, if other is an absolute path, the new Pathname object is created from just other.

p1 = Pathname.new("/usr")      # Pathname:/usr
p2 = p1 + "bin/ruby"           # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
p3 = p1 + "/etc/passwd"        # Pathname:/etc/passwd

# / is aliased to +.
p4 = p1 / "bin/ruby"           # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
p5 = p1 / "/etc/passwd"        # Pathname:/etc/passwd

This method doesn’t access the file system; it is pure string manipulation.

Also aliased as: /

/ (other)

Alias for: +

<=> (p1)

Source

static VALUE
path_cmp(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    VALUE s1, s2;
    char *p1, *p2;
    char *e1, *e2;
    if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(other, rb_cPathname))
        return Qnil;
    s1 = get_strpath(self);
    s2 = get_strpath(other);
    p1 = RSTRING_PTR(s1);
    p2 = RSTRING_PTR(s2);
    e1 = p1 + RSTRING_LEN(s1);
    e2 = p2 + RSTRING_LEN(s2);
    while (p1 < e1 && p2 < e2) {
        int c1, c2;
        c1 = (unsigned char)*p1++;
        c2 = (unsigned char)*p2++;
        if (c1 == '/') c1 = '\0';
        if (c2 == '/') c2 = '\0';
        if (c1 != c2) {
            if (c1 < c2)
                return INT2FIX(-1);
            else
                return INT2FIX(1);
        }
    }
    if (p1 < e1)
        return INT2FIX(1);
    if (p2 < e2)
        return INT2FIX(-1);
    return INT2FIX(0);
}

Provides a case-sensitive comparison operator for pathnames.

Pathname.new('/usr') <=> Pathname.new('/usr/bin')
    #=> -1
Pathname.new('/usr/bin') <=> Pathname.new('/usr/bin')
    #=> 0
Pathname.new('/usr/bin') <=> Pathname.new('/USR/BIN')
    #=> 1

It will return -1, 0 or 1 depending on the value of the left argument relative to the right argument. Or it will return nil if the arguments are not comparable.

== (other)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 241
def ==(other)
  return false unless Pathname === other
  other.path == @path
end

Compare this pathname with other. The comparison is string-based. Be aware that two different paths (foo.txt and ./foo.txt) can refer to the same file.

Also aliased as: ===, eql?

=== (other)

Alias for: ==

TO_PATH ()

to_path is implemented so Pathname objects are usable with File.open, etc.

Alias for: to_s

absolute? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 545
def absolute?
  ABSOLUTE_PATH.match? @path
end

Predicate method for testing whether a path is absolute.

It returns true if the pathname begins with a slash.

p = Pathname.new('/im/sure')
p.absolute?
    #=> true

p = Pathname.new('not/so/sure')
p.absolute?
    #=> false

ascend () { |self| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 642
def ascend
  return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
  path = @path
  yield self
  while r = chop_basename(path)
    path, = r
    break if path.empty?
    yield self.class.new(del_trailing_separator(path))
  end
end

Iterates over and yields a new Pathname object for each element in the given path in ascending order.

Pathname.new('/path/to/some/file.rb').ascend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some/file.rb>
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:/path/to>
   #<Pathname:/path>
   #<Pathname:/>

Pathname.new('path/to/some/file.rb').ascend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:path/to/some/file.rb>
   #<Pathname:path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:path/to>
   #<Pathname:path>

Returns an Enumerator if no block was given.

enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").ascend
  # ... do stuff ...
enum.each { |e| ... }
  # yields Pathnames /usr/bin/ruby, /usr/bin, /usr, and /.

It doesn’t access the filesystem.

atime ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 901
def atime() File.atime(@path) end

See File.atime. Returns last access time.

basename (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 975
def basename(...) self.class.new(File.basename(@path, ...)) end

See File.basename. Returns the last component of the path.

binread (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 884
def binread(...) File.binread(@path, ...) end

See File.binread. Returns all the bytes from the file, or the first N if specified.

binwrite (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 898
def binwrite(...) File.binwrite(@path, ...) end

Writes contents to the file, opening it in binary mode.

See File.binwrite.

birthtime ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 907
def birthtime() File.birthtime(@path) end

Returns the birth time for the file. If the platform doesn’t have birthtime, raises NotImplementedError.

See File.birthtime.

blockdev? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1013
def blockdev?() FileTest.blockdev?(@path) end

See FileTest.blockdev?.

chardev? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1016
def chardev?() FileTest.chardev?(@path) end

See FileTest.chardev?.

children (with_directory=true)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 761
def children(with_directory=true)
  with_directory = false if @path == '.'
  result = []
  Dir.foreach(@path) {|e|
    next if e == '.' || e == '..'
    if with_directory
      result << self.class.new(File.join(@path, e))
    else
      result << self.class.new(e)
    end
  }
  result
end

Returns the children of the directory (files and subdirectories, not recursive) as an array of Pathname objects.

By default, the returned pathnames will have enough information to access the files. If you set with_directory to false, then the returned pathnames will contain the filename only.

For example:

pn = Pathname("/usr/lib/ruby/1.8")
pn.children
    # -> [ Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/English.rb,
           Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/Env.rb,
           Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/abbrev.rb, ... ]
pn.children(false)
    # -> [ Pathname:English.rb, Pathname:Env.rb, Pathname:abbrev.rb, ... ]

Note that the results never contain the entries . and .. in the directory because they are not children.

chmod (mode)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 916
def chmod(mode) File.chmod(mode, @path) end

See File.chmod. Changes permissions.

chown (owner, group)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 922
def chown(owner, group) File.chown(owner, group, @path) end

See File.chown. Change owner and group of file.

cleanpath (consider_symlink=false)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 406
def cleanpath(consider_symlink=false)
  if consider_symlink
    cleanpath_conservative
  else
    cleanpath_aggressive
  end
end

Returns clean pathname of self with consecutive slashes and useless dots removed. The filesystem is not accessed.

If consider_symlink is true, then a more conservative algorithm is used to avoid breaking symbolic linkages. This may retain more .. entries than absolutely necessary, but without accessing the filesystem, this can’t be avoided.

See Pathname#realpath.

ctime ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 910
def ctime() File.ctime(@path) end

See File.ctime. Returns last (directory entry, not file) change time.

delete ()

Alias for: unlink

descend () { |v| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 609
def descend
  return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
  vs = []
  ascend {|v| vs << v }
  vs.reverse_each {|v| yield v }
  nil
end

Iterates over and yields a new Pathname object for each element in the given path in descending order.

Pathname.new('/path/to/some/file.rb').descend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:/>
   #<Pathname:/path>
   #<Pathname:/path/to>
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some/file.rb>

Pathname.new('path/to/some/file.rb').descend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:path>
   #<Pathname:path/to>
   #<Pathname:path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:path/to/some/file.rb>

Returns an Enumerator if no block was given.

enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").descend
  # ... do stuff ...
enum.each { |e| ... }
  # yields Pathnames /, /usr, /usr/bin, and /usr/bin/ruby.

It doesn’t access the filesystem.

directory? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1042
def directory?() FileTest.directory?(@path) end

See FileTest.directory?.

dirname ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 978
def dirname() self.class.new(File.dirname(@path)) end

See File.dirname. Returns all but the last component of the path.

each_child (with_directory=true, &b)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 811
def each_child(with_directory=true, &b)
  children(with_directory).each(&b)
end

Iterates over the children of the directory (files and subdirectories, not recursive).

It yields Pathname object for each child.

By default, the yielded pathnames will have enough information to access the files.

If you set with_directory to false, then the returned pathnames will contain the filename only.

Pathname("/usr/local").each_child {|f| p f }
#=> #<Pathname:/usr/local/share>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/bin>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/games>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/lib>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/include>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/sbin>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/src>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/man>

Pathname("/usr/local").each_child(false) {|f| p f }
#=> #<Pathname:share>
#   #<Pathname:bin>
#   #<Pathname:games>
#   #<Pathname:lib>
#   #<Pathname:include>
#   #<Pathname:sbin>
#   #<Pathname:src>
#   #<Pathname:man>

Note that the results never contain the entries . and .. in the directory because they are not children.

See Pathname#children

each_entry () { |pathname| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1136
def each_entry(&block) # :yield: pathname
  return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
  Dir.foreach(@path) {|f| yield self.class.new(f) }
end

Iterates over the entries (files and subdirectories) in the directory. It yields a Pathname object for each entry.

This method has existed since 1.8.1.

each_filename () { |filename| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 577
def each_filename # :yield: filename
  return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
  _, names = split_names(@path)
  names.each {|filename| yield filename }
  nil
end

Iterates over each component of the path.

Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").each_filename {|filename| ... }
  # yields "usr", "bin", and "ruby".

Returns an Enumerator if no block was given.

enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").each_filename
  # ... do stuff ...
enum.each { |e| ... }
  # yields "usr", "bin", and "ruby".

each_line (...) { |line| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 874
def each_line(...) # :yield: line
  File.foreach(@path, ...)
end

each_line iterates over the line in the file. It yields a String object for each line.

This method has existed since 1.8.1.

empty? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1021
def empty?
  if FileTest.directory?(@path)
    Dir.empty?(@path)
  else
    File.empty?(@path)
  end
end

Tests the file is empty.

See Dir#empty? and FileTest.empty?.

entries ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1130
def entries() Dir.entries(@path).map {|f| self.class.new(f) } end

Return the entries (files and subdirectories) in the directory, each as a Pathname object.

eql? (other)

Alias for: ==

executable? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1030
def executable?() FileTest.executable?(@path) end

See FileTest.executable?.

executable_real? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1033
def executable_real?() FileTest.executable_real?(@path) end

See FileTest.executable_real?.

exist? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1036
def exist?() FileTest.exist?(@path) end

See FileTest.exist?.

expand_path (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 984
def expand_path(...) self.class.new(File.expand_path(@path, ...)) end

See File.expand_path.

extname ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 981
def extname() File.extname(@path) end

See File.extname. Returns the file’s extension.

file? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1045
def file?() FileTest.file?(@path) end

See FileTest.file?.

find (ignore_error: true) { |pathname| ... }

Source

# File lib/pathname.rb, line 28
def find(ignore_error: true) # :yield: pathname
  return to_enum(__method__, ignore_error: ignore_error) unless block_given?
  require 'find'
  if @path == '.'
    Find.find(@path, ignore_error: ignore_error) {|f| yield self.class.new(f.delete_prefix('./')) }
  else
    Find.find(@path, ignore_error: ignore_error) {|f| yield self.class.new(f) }
  end
end

Iterates over the directory tree in a depth first manner, yielding a Pathname for each file under “this” directory.

Returns an Enumerator if no block is given.

Since it is implemented by the standard library module Find, Find.prune can be used to control the traversal.

If self is ., yielded pathnames begin with a filename in the current directory, not ./.

See Find.find

fnmatch (pattern, ...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 929
def fnmatch(pattern, ...) File.fnmatch(pattern, @path, ...) end

See File.fnmatch. Return true if the receiver matches the given pattern.

fnmatch? (pattern, ...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 932
def fnmatch?(pattern, ...) File.fnmatch?(pattern, @path, ...) end

See File.fnmatch? (same as fnmatch).

freeze ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 230
def freeze
  super
  @path.freeze
  self
end

Calls superclass method Object#freeze

ftype ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 936
def ftype() File.ftype(@path) end

See File.ftype. Returns “type” of file (“file”, “directory”, etc).

glob (*args, **kwargs) { |pathname| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1114
def glob(*args, **kwargs) # :yield: pathname
  if block_given?
    Dir.glob(*args, **kwargs, base: @path) {|f| yield self + f }
  else
    Dir.glob(*args, **kwargs, base: @path).map {|f| self + f }
  end
end

Returns or yields Pathname objects.

Pathname("ruby-2.4.2").glob("R*.md")
#=> [#<Pathname:ruby-2.4.2/README.md>, #<Pathname:ruby-2.4.2/README.ja.md>]

See Dir.glob. This method uses the base keyword argument of Dir.glob.

grpowned? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1039
def grpowned?() FileTest.grpowned?(@path) end

See FileTest.grpowned?.

join (*args)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 728
def join(*args)
  return self if args.empty?
  result = args.pop
  result = Pathname.new(result) unless Pathname === result
  return result if result.absolute?
  args.reverse_each {|arg|
    arg = Pathname.new(arg) unless Pathname === arg
    result = arg + result
    return result if result.absolute?
  }
  self + result
end

Joins the given pathnames onto self to create a new Pathname object. This is effectively the same as using Pathname#+ to append self and all arguments sequentially.

path0 = Pathname.new("/usr")                # Pathname:/usr
path0 = path0.join("bin/ruby")              # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
    # is the same as
path1 = Pathname.new("/usr") + "bin/ruby"   # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
path0 == path1
    #=> true

lchmod (mode)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 919
def lchmod(mode) File.lchmod(mode, @path) end

See File.lchmod.

lchown (owner, group)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 925
def lchown(owner, group) File.lchown(owner, group, @path) end

See File.lchown.

lstat ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 956
def lstat() File.lstat(@path) end

See File.lstat.

lutime (atime, mtime)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 972
def lutime(atime, mtime) File.lutime(atime, mtime, @path) end

Update the access and modification times of the file.

Same as Pathname#utime, but does not follow symbolic links.

See File.lutime.

make_link (old)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 939
def make_link(old) File.link(old, @path) end

See File.link. Creates a hard link.

make_symlink (old)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 959
def make_symlink(old) File.symlink(old, @path) end

See File.symlink. Creates a symbolic link.

mkdir (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1142
def mkdir(...) Dir.mkdir(@path, ...) end

See Dir.mkdir. Create the referenced directory.

mkpath (mode: nil)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 337
def mkpath(mode: nil)
  path = @path == '/' ? @path : @path.chomp('/')

  stack = []
  until File.directory?(path) || File.dirname(path) == path
    stack.push path
    path = File.dirname(path)
  end

  stack.reverse_each do |dir|
    dir = dir == '/' ? dir : dir.chomp('/')
    if mode
      Dir.mkdir dir, mode
      File.chmod mode, dir
    else
      Dir.mkdir dir
    end
  rescue SystemCallError
    raise unless File.directory?(dir)
  end

  self
end

Creates a full path, including any intermediate directories that don’t yet exist.

See FileUtils.mkpath and FileUtils.mkdir_p

mountpoint? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 513
def mountpoint?
  begin
    stat1 = self.lstat
    stat2 = self.parent.lstat
    stat1.dev != stat2.dev || stat1.ino == stat2.ino
  rescue Errno::ENOENT
    false
  end
end

Returns true if self points to a mountpoint.

mtime ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 913
def mtime() File.mtime(@path) end

See File.mtime. Returns last modification time.

open (...) { |file| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 942
def open(...) # :yield: file
  File.open(@path, ...)
end

See File.open. Opens the file for reading or writing.

opendir () { |dir| ... }

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1148
def opendir(&block) # :yield: dir
  Dir.open(@path, &block)
end

See Dir.open.

owned? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1054
def owned?() FileTest.owned?(@path) end

See FileTest.owned?.

parent ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 508
def parent
  self + '..'
end

Returns the parent directory.

This is same as self + '..'.

pipe? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1048
def pipe?() FileTest.pipe?(@path) end

See FileTest.pipe?.

read (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 880
def read(...) File.read(@path, ...) end

See File.read. Returns all data from the file, or the first N bytes if specified.

readable? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1057
def readable?() FileTest.readable?(@path) end

See FileTest.readable?.

readable_real? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1063
def readable_real?() FileTest.readable_real?(@path) end

See FileTest.readable_real?.

readlines (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 887
def readlines(...) File.readlines(@path, ...) end

See File.readlines. Returns all the lines from the file.

readlink ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 947
def readlink() self.class.new(File.readlink(@path)) end

See File.readlink. Read symbolic link.

realdirpath (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1006
def realdirpath(...) self.class.new(File.realdirpath(@path, ...)) end

Returns the real (absolute) pathname of self in the actual filesystem.

Does not contain symlinks or useless dots, .. and ..

The last component of the real pathname can be nonexistent.

realpath (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 999
def realpath(...) self.class.new(File.realpath(@path, ...)) end

Returns the real (absolute) pathname for self in the actual filesystem.

Does not contain symlinks or useless dots, .. and ..

All components of the pathname must exist when this method is called.

relative? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 560
def relative?
  !absolute?
end

The opposite of Pathname#absolute?

It returns false if the pathname begins with a slash.

p = Pathname.new('/im/sure')
p.relative?
    #=> false

p = Pathname.new('not/so/sure')
p.relative?
    #=> true

relative_path_from (base_directory)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 829
def relative_path_from(base_directory)
  base_directory = Pathname.new(base_directory) unless base_directory.is_a? Pathname
  dest_directory = self.cleanpath.path
  base_directory = base_directory.cleanpath.path
  dest_prefix = dest_directory
  dest_names = []
  while r = chop_basename(dest_prefix)
    dest_prefix, basename = r
    dest_names.unshift basename if basename != '.'
  end
  base_prefix = base_directory
  base_names = []
  while r = chop_basename(base_prefix)
    base_prefix, basename = r
    base_names.unshift basename if basename != '.'
  end
  unless SAME_PATHS[dest_prefix, base_prefix]
    raise ArgumentError, "different prefix: #{dest_prefix.inspect} and #{base_directory.inspect}"
  end
  while !dest_names.empty? &&
        !base_names.empty? &&
        SAME_PATHS[dest_names.first, base_names.first]
    dest_names.shift
    base_names.shift
  end
  if base_names.include? '..'
    raise ArgumentError, "base_directory has ..: #{base_directory.inspect}"
  end
  base_names.fill('..')
  relpath_names = base_names + dest_names
  if relpath_names.empty?
    Pathname.new('.')
  else
    Pathname.new(File.join(*relpath_names))
  end
end

Returns a relative path from the given base_directory to the receiver.

If self is absolute, then base_directory must be absolute too.

If self is relative, then base_directory must be relative too.

This method doesn’t access the filesystem. It assumes no symlinks.

ArgumentError is raised when it cannot find a relative path.

Note that this method does not handle situations where the case sensitivity of the filesystem in use differs from the operating system default.

rename (to)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 950
def rename(to) File.rename(@path, to) end

See File.rename. Rename the file.

rmdir ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1145
def rmdir() Dir.rmdir(@path) end

See Dir.rmdir. Remove the referenced directory.

rmtree (noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)

Source

# File lib/pathname.rb, line 44
def rmtree(noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
  # The name "rmtree" is borrowed from File::Path of Perl.
  # File::Path provides "mkpath" and "rmtree".
  require 'fileutils'
  FileUtils.rm_rf(@path, noop: noop, verbose: verbose, secure: secure)
  self
end

Recursively deletes a directory, including all directories beneath it.

See FileUtils.rm_rf

root? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 530
def root?
  chop_basename(@path) == nil && /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}/o.match?(@path)
end

Predicate method for root directories. Returns true if the pathname consists of consecutive slashes.

It doesn’t access the filesystem. So it may return false for some pathnames which points to roots such as /usr/...

setgid? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1069
def setgid?() FileTest.setgid?(@path) end

See FileTest.setgid?.

setuid? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1066
def setuid?() FileTest.setuid?(@path) end

See FileTest.setuid?.

size ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1072
def size() FileTest.size(@path) end

See FileTest.size.

size? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1075
def size?() FileTest.size?(@path) end

See FileTest.size?.

socket? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1051
def socket?() FileTest.socket?(@path) end

See FileTest.socket?.

split ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 988
def split()
  array = File.split(@path)
  raise TypeError, 'wrong argument type nil (expected Array)' unless Array === array
  array.map {|f| self.class.new(f) }
end

See File.split. Returns the dirname and the basename in an Array.

stat ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 953
def stat() File.stat(@path) end

See File.stat. Returns a File::Stat object.

sticky? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1078
def sticky?() FileTest.sticky?(@path) end

See FileTest.sticky?.

sub (*args)

Source

static VALUE
path_sub(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);

    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
        str = rb_block_call(str, id_sub, argc, argv, 0, 0);
    }
    else {
        str = rb_funcallv(str, id_sub, argc, argv);
    }
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}

Return a pathname which is substituted by String#sub.

path1 = Pathname.new('/usr/bin/perl')
path1.sub('perl', 'ruby')
    #=> #<Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby>

sub_ext (repl)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 299
def sub_ext(repl)
  ext = File.extname(@path)

  # File.extname("foo.bar:stream") returns ".bar" on NTFS and not ".bar:stream"
  # (see ruby_enc_find_extname()).
  # The behavior of Pathname#sub_ext is to replace everything
  # from the start of the extname until the end of the path with repl.
  unless @path.end_with?(ext)
    ext = @path[@path.rindex(ext)..]
  end

  self.class.new(@path.chomp(ext) + repl)
end

Return a pathname with repl added as a suffix to the basename.

If self has no extension part, repl is appended.

Pathname.new('/usr/bin/shutdown').sub_ext('.rb')
    #=> #<Pathname:/usr/bin/shutdown.rb>

symlink? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1081
def symlink?() FileTest.symlink?(@path) end

See FileTest.symlink?.

sysopen (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 890
def sysopen(...) File.sysopen(@path, ...) end

See File.sysopen.

to_s ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 261
def to_s
  @path.dup
end

Return the path as a String.

Also aliased as: TO_PATH

truncate (length)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 962
def truncate(length) File.truncate(@path, length) end

See File.truncate. Truncate the file to length bytes.

unlink ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1156
def unlink()
  Dir.unlink @path
rescue Errno::ENOTDIR
  File.unlink @path
end

Removes a file or directory, using File.unlink or Dir.unlink as necessary.

Also aliased as: delete

utime (atime, mtime)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 965
def utime(atime, mtime) File.utime(atime, mtime, @path) end

See File.utime. Update the access and modification times.

world_readable? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1060
def world_readable?() File.world_readable?(@path) end

See FileTest.world_readable?.

world_writable? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1087
def world_writable?() File.world_writable?(@path) end

See FileTest.world_writable?.

writable? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1084
def writable?() FileTest.writable?(@path) end

See FileTest.writable?.

writable_real? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1090
def writable_real?() FileTest.writable_real?(@path) end

See FileTest.writable_real?.

write (...)

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 893
def write(...) File.write(@path, ...) end

Writes contents to the file. See File.write.

zero? ()

Source

# File pathname_builtin.rb, line 1093
def zero?() FileTest.zero?(@path) end

See FileTest.zero?.

class Pathname

pathname.rb¶ ↑

Examples¶ ↑

Example 1: Using Pathname¶ ↑

Example 2: Using standard Ruby¶ ↑

Example 3: Special features¶ ↑

Breakdown of functionality¶ ↑

Core methods¶ ↑

File status predicate methods¶ ↑

File property and manipulation methods¶ ↑

Directory methods¶ ↑

Utilities¶ ↑

Method documentation¶ ↑

Example 1: Using `Pathname`¶ ↑

`File` status predicate methods¶ ↑

`File` property and manipulation methods¶ ↑