module Bundler
Bundler provides a consistent environment for Ruby projects by tracking and installing the exact gems and versions that are needed.
Bundler is a part of Ruby’s standard library.
Bundler is used by creating gemfiles listing all the project dependencies and (optionally) their versions and then using
require 'bundler/setup'
or Bundler.setup to setup environment where only specified gems and their specified versions could be used.
See Bundler documentation for extensive documentation on gemfiles creation and Bundler usage.
As a standard library inside project, Bundler could be used for introspection of loaded and required modules.
Constants
- ORIGINAL_ENV
- SUDO_MUTEX
Public Class Methods
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 340 def app_cache(custom_path = nil) path = custom_path || root Pathname.new(path).join(Bundler.settings.app_cache_path) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 326 def app_config_path if app_config = ENV["BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG"] app_config_pathname = Pathname.new(app_config) if app_config_pathname.absolute? app_config_pathname else app_config_pathname.expand_path(root) end else root.join(".bundle") end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 180 def auto_install return unless Bundler.settings[:auto_install] begin definition.specs rescue GemNotFound, GitError ui.info "Automatically installing missing gems." reset! CLI::Install.new({}).run reset! end end
Automatically install dependencies if settings[:auto_install] exists. This is set through config cmd ‘bundle config set –global auto_install 1`.
Note that this method ‘nil`s out the global Definition object, so it should be called first, before you instantiate anything like an Installer that’ll keep a reference to the old one instead.
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 170 def auto_switch self_manager.restart_with_locked_bundler_if_needed end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 119 def bin_path @bin_path ||= begin path = Bundler.settings[:bin] || "bin" Pathname.new(path).expand_path(root).expand_path end end
Returns absolute location of where binstubs are installed to.
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 101 def bundle_path @bundle_path ||= Pathname.new(configured_bundle_path.path).expand_path(root) end
Returns absolute path of where gems are installed on the filesystem.
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 365 def clean_env removed_message = "`Bundler.clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.feature_removed!(removed_message) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 421 def clean_exec(*args) removed_message = "`Bundler.clean_exec` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \ "If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.feature_removed!(removed_message) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 404 def clean_system(*args) removed_message = "`Bundler.clean_system` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \ "If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.feature_removed!(removed_message) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 537 def clear_gemspec_cache @gemspec_cache = {} end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 87 def configure @configure ||= configure_gem_home_and_path end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 588 def configure_custom_gemfile(custom_gemfile = nil) custom_gemfile ||= Bundler.settings[:gemfile] if custom_gemfile && !custom_gemfile.empty? Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "BUNDLE_GEMFILE", File.expand_path(custom_gemfile) reset_settings_and_root! end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 582 def configure_gem_home_and_path(path = bundle_path) configure_gem_path configure_gem_home(path) Bundler.rubygems.clear_paths end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 114 def configured_bundle_path @configured_bundle_path ||= Bundler.settings.path.tap(&:validate!) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 105 def create_bundle_path mkdir_p(bundle_path) unless bundle_path.exist? @bundle_path = bundle_path.realpath rescue Errno::EEXIST raise PathError, "Could not install to path `#{bundle_path}` " \ "because a file already exists at that path. Either remove or rename the file so the directory can be created." end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 450 def default_bundle_dir SharedHelpers.default_bundle_dir end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 442 def default_gemfile SharedHelpers.default_gemfile end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 446 def default_lockfile SharedHelpers.default_lockfile end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 229 def definition(unlock = nil, lockfile = default_lockfile) @definition = nil if unlock @definition ||= begin configure Definition.build(default_gemfile, lockfile, unlock) end end
Returns an instance of Bundler::Definition for given Gemfile and lockfile
@param unlock [Hash, Boolean, nil] Gems that have been requested
to be updated or true if all gems should be updated
@param lockfile [Pathname] Path to Gemfile.lock @return [Bundler::Definition]
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 219 def environment SharedHelpers.feature_removed! "Bundler.environment has been removed in favor of Bundler.load" end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 546 def feature_flag @feature_flag ||= FeatureFlag.new(Bundler.settings[:simulate_version] || VERSION) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 491 def find_executable(path) extensions = RbConfig::CONFIG["EXECUTABLE_EXTS"]&.split extensions = [RbConfig::CONFIG["EXEEXT"]] unless extensions&.any? candidates = extensions.map {|ext| "#{path}#{ext}" } candidates.find {|candidate| File.file?(candidate) && File.executable?(candidate) } end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 237 def frozen_bundle? frozen = Bundler.settings[:frozen] return frozen unless frozen.nil? Bundler.settings[:deployment] end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 438 def generic_local_platform Gem::Platform.generic(local_platform) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 541 def git_present? return @git_present if defined?(@git_present) @git_present = Bundler.which("git") end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 518 def load_gemspec(file, validate = false) @gemspec_cache ||= {} key = File.expand_path(file) @gemspec_cache[key] ||= load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate) # Protect against caching side-effected gemspecs by returning a # new instance each time. @gemspec_cache[key]&.dup end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 527 def load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate = false) path = Pathname.new(file).expand_path contents = read_file(path.to_s) spec = eval_gemspec(path, contents) return unless spec spec.loaded_from = path.to_s Bundler.rubygems.validate(spec) if validate spec end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 433 def local_platform return Gem::Platform::RUBY if Bundler.settings[:force_ruby_platform] Gem::Platform.local end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 244 def locked_gems @locked_gems ||= if defined?(@definition) && @definition definition.locked_gems elsif Bundler.default_lockfile.file? lock = Bundler.read_file(Bundler.default_lockfile) LockfileParser.new(lock) end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 471 def mkdir_p(path) SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :create) do |p| FileUtils.mkdir_p(p) end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 361 def original_env ORIGINAL_ENV.clone end
@return [Hash] Environment present before Bundler was activated
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 417 def original_exec(*args) with_original_env { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
Run a Kernel.exec to a subcommand with the environment present before Bundler was activated
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 400 def original_system(*args) with_original_env { Kernel.system(*args) } end
Run subcommand with the environment present before Bundler was activated
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 463 def preferred_gemfile_name Bundler.settings[:init_gems_rb] ? "gems.rb" : "Gemfile" end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 499 def read_file(file) SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file, :read) do File.open(file, "r:UTF-8", &:read) end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 211 def require(*groups) setup(*groups).require(*groups) end
Setups Bundler environment (see Bundler.setup) if it is not already set, and loads all gems from groups specified. Unlike ::setup, can be called multiple times with different groups (if they were allowed by setup).
Assuming Gemfile
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
The code will work as follows:
Bundler.setup # allow all groups Bundler.require(:default) # requires only first_gem # ...later Bundler.require(:test) # requires second_gem
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 550 def reset! reset_paths! Plugin.reset! reset_rubygems! end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 561 def reset_paths! @bin_path = nil @bundle_path = nil @configure = nil @configured_bundle_path = nil @definition = nil @load = nil @locked_gems = nil @root = nil @settings = nil @setup = nil @user_home = nil end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 575 def reset_rubygems! return unless defined?(@rubygems) && @rubygems rubygems.undo_replacements rubygems.reset @rubygems = nil end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 556 def reset_settings_and_root! @settings = nil @root = nil end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 350 def rm_rf(path) FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path) if path && File.exist?(path) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 316 def root @root ||= begin SharedHelpers.root rescue GemfileNotFound bundle_dir = default_bundle_dir raise GemfileNotFound, "Could not locate Gemfile or .bundle/ directory" unless bundle_dir Pathname.new(File.expand_path("..", bundle_dir)) end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 254 def ruby_scope "#{Bundler.rubygems.ruby_engine}/#{RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_version"]}" end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 505 def safe_load_marshal(data) if Gem.respond_to?(:load_safe_marshal) Gem.load_safe_marshal begin Gem::SafeMarshal.safe_load(data) rescue Gem::SafeMarshal::Reader::Error, Gem::SafeMarshal::Visitors::ToRuby::Error => e raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}" end else load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: SafeMarshal.proc) end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 597 def self_manager @self_manager ||= begin require_relative "bundler/self_manager" Bundler::SelfManager.new end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 354 def settings @settings ||= Settings.new(app_config_path) rescue GemfileNotFound @settings = Settings.new end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 153 def setup(*groups) # Return if all groups are already loaded return @setup if defined?(@setup) && @setup configure_custom_gemfile definition.validate_runtime! SharedHelpers.print_major_deprecations! if groups.empty? # Load all groups, but only once @setup = load.setup else load.setup(*groups) end end
Turns on the Bundler runtime. After Bundler.setup call, all load or require of the gems would be allowed only if they are part of the Gemfile or Ruby’s standard library. If the versions specified in Gemfile, only those versions would be loaded.
Assuming Gemfile
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
The code using Bundler.setup works as follows:
require 'third_gem' # allowed, required from global gems require 'first_gem' # allowed, loads the last installed version Bundler.setup require 'fourth_gem' # fails with LoadError require 'second_gem' # loads exactly version 1.0
Bundler.setup can be called only once, all subsequent calls are no-op.
If groups list is provided, only gems from specified groups would be allowed (gems specified outside groups belong to special :default group).
To require all gems from Gemfile (or only some groups), see Bundler.require.
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 312 def specs_path bundle_path.join("specifications") end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 454 def system_bindir # Gem.bindir doesn't always return the location that RubyGems will install # system binaries. If you put '-n foo' in your .gemrc, RubyGems will # install binstubs there instead. Unfortunately, RubyGems doesn't expose # that directory at all, so rather than parse .gemrc ourselves, we allow # the directory to be set as well, via `bundle config set --local bindir foo`. Bundler.settings[:system_bindir] || Bundler.rubygems.gem_bindir end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 345 def tmp(name = Process.pid.to_s) Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir") Pathname.new(Dir.mktmpdir(["bundler", name])) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 91 def ui (defined?(@ui) && @ui) || (self.ui = UI::Shell.new) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 95 def ui=(ui) Bundler.rubygems.ui = UI::RGProxy.new(ui) @ui = ui end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 378 def unbundle_env! ENV.replace(unbundle_env(ENV)) end
Remove all bundler-related variables from ENV
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 373 def unbundled_env unbundle_env(original_env) end
@return [Hash] Environment with all bundler-related variables removed
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 429 def unbundled_exec(*args) with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
Run a Kernel.exec to a subcommand in an environment with all bundler related variables removed
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 412 def unbundled_system(*args) with_unbundled_env { Kernel.system(*args) } end
Run subcommand in an environment with all bundler related variables removed
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 467 def use_system_gems? configured_bundle_path.use_system_gems? end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 282 def user_bundle_path(dir = "home") env_var, fallback = case dir when "home" ["BUNDLE_USER_HOME", proc { Pathname.new(user_home).join(".bundle") }] when "cache" ["BUNDLE_USER_CACHE", proc { user_bundle_path.join("cache") }] when "config" ["BUNDLE_USER_CONFIG", proc { user_bundle_path.join("config") }] when "plugin" ["BUNDLE_USER_PLUGIN", proc { user_bundle_path.join("plugin") }] else raise BundlerError, "Unknown user path requested: #{dir}" end # `fallback` will already be a Pathname, but Pathname.new() is # idempotent so it's OK Pathname.new(ENV.fetch(env_var, &fallback)) end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 258 def user_home @user_home ||= begin home = Bundler.rubygems.user_home bundle_home = home ? File.join(home, ".bundle") : nil warning = if home.nil? "Your home directory is not set." elsif !File.directory?(home) "`#{home}` is not a directory." elsif !File.writable?(home) && (!File.directory?(bundle_home) || !File.writable?(bundle_home)) "`#{home}` is not writable." end if warning Bundler.ui.warn "#{warning}\n" user_home = tmp_home_path Bundler.ui.warn "Bundler will use `#{user_home}' as your home directory temporarily.\n" user_home else Pathname.new(home) end end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 477 def which(executable) executable_path = find_executable(executable) return executable_path if executable_path if (paths = ENV["PATH"]) quote = '"' paths.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).find do |path| path = path[1..-2] if path.start_with?(quote) && path.end_with?(quote) executable_path = find_executable(File.expand_path(executable, path)) return executable_path if executable_path end end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 387 def with_clean_env removed_message = "`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been removed in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`" Bundler::SharedHelpers.feature_removed!(removed_message) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 383 def with_original_env with_env(original_env) { yield } end
Run block with environment present before Bundler was activated
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 395 def with_unbundled_env with_env(unbundled_env) { yield } end
Run block with all bundler-related variables removed
Private Class Methods
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 677 def configure_gem_home(path) Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_HOME", path.to_s end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 668 def configure_gem_path unless use_system_gems? # this needs to be empty string to cause # PathSupport.split_gem_path to only load up the # Bundler --path setting as the GEM_PATH. Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_PATH", "" end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 642 def eval_gemspec(path, contents) if contents.start_with?("---") # YAML header eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents) else # Eval the gemspec from its parent directory, because some gemspecs # depend on "./" relative paths. The caller expands `path` first, since # expanding it here would resolve against the gemspec directory once # the chdir is active. SharedHelpers.chdir(path.dirname.to_s) do # TOPLEVEL_BINDING always belongs to the main box, so inside a # Ruby::Box use a binding from the box Bundler is loaded in, where # Gem::Specification carries Bundler's own monkey patches. eval_binding = if defined?(Ruby::Box) && Ruby::Box.enabled? Ruby::Box.current.eval("binding") else TOPLEVEL_BINDING.dup end eval(contents, eval_binding, path.to_s) end end rescue ScriptError, StandardError => e msg = "There was an error while loading `#{path.basename}`: #{e.message}" raise GemspecError, Dsl::DSLError.new(msg, path.to_s, e.backtrace, contents) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 636 def eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents) Kernel.require "psych" Gem::Specification.from_yaml(contents) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 630 def load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: nil) Marshal.load(data, marshal_proc) rescue TypeError => e raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}" end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 681 def tmp_home_path Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir") SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(Dir.tmpdir) do path = Bundler.tmp at_exit { Bundler.rm_rf(path) } path end end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 606 def unbundle_env(env) if env.key?("BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH") env["MANPATH"] = env["BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH"] end env.delete_if {|k, _| k[0, 7] == "BUNDLE_" } env.delete("BUNDLER_SETUP") if env.key?("RUBYOPT") rubyopt = env["RUBYOPT"].split(" ") rubyopt.delete("-r#{File.expand_path("bundler/setup", __dir__)}") rubyopt.delete("-rbundler/setup") env["RUBYOPT"] = rubyopt.join(" ") end if env.key?("RUBYLIB") rubylib = env["RUBYLIB"].split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) rubylib.delete(__dir__) env["RUBYLIB"] = rubylib.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) end env end
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# File lib/bundler.rb, line 691 def with_env(env) backup = ENV.to_hash ENV.replace(env) yield ensure ENV.replace(backup) end
@param env [Hash]