module MakeMakefile

mkmf.rb is used by Ruby C extensions to generate a Makefile which will correctly compile and link the C extension to Ruby and a third-party library.

Constants

ASSEMBLE_C: Command which will translate C files to assembler sources in the generated Makefile
ASSEMBLE_CXX: Command which will translate C++ files to assembler sources in the generated Makefile
CLEANINGS: Makefile rules that will clean the extension build directory
COMMON_HEADERS: Common headers for Ruby C extensions
COMMON_LIBS: Common libraries for Ruby C extensions
COMPILE_C: Command which will compile C files in the generated Makefile
COMPILE_CXX: Command which will compile C++ files in the generated Makefile
COMPILE_RULES: make compile rules
CONFIG: The makefile configuration using the defaults from when Ruby was built.
CONFTEST_CXX
CXX_EXT: Extensions for files compiled with a C++ compiler
C_EXT: Extensions for files compiled with a C compiler
EXPORT_PREFIX
HDR_EXT: Extensions for header files
LIBARG: Argument which will add a library to the linker
LIBPATHFLAG: Argument which will add a library path to the linker
LINK_SO: Command which will link a shared library
MAIN_DOES_NOTHING: A C main function which does no work
ORIG_LIBPATH
RPATHFLAG
RULE_SUBST
SRC_EXT: Extensions for source files
TRY_LINK: Command which will compile a program in order to test linking a library
TRY_LINK_CXX
UNIVERSAL_INTS

Private Class Methods

[](name) click to toggle source

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2838
def self.[](name)
  @lang.fetch(name)
end

[]=(name, mod) click to toggle source

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2842
def self.[]=(name, mod)
  @lang[name] = mod
end

Public Instance Methods

append_cflags(flags, *opts) click to toggle source

Check whether each given C compiler flag is acceptable and append it to $CFLAGS if so.

flags: a C compiler flag as a String or an Array of them

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1021
def append_cflags(flags, *opts)
  Array(flags).each do |flag|
    if checking_for("whether #{flag} is accepted as CFLAGS") {
         try_cflags(flag, *opts)
       }
      $CFLAGS << " " << flag
    end
  end
end

check_signedness(type, headers = nil, opts = nil, &b) click to toggle source

Returns the signedness of the given type. You may optionally specify additional headers to search in for the type.

If the type is found and is a numeric type, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the type name, in uppercase, prepended with SIGNEDNESS_OF_, followed by the type name, followed by =X where “X” is positive integer if the type is unsigned and a negative integer if the type is signed.

For example, if size_t is defined as unsigned, then check_signedness('size_t') would return +1 and the SIGNEDNESS_OF_SIZE_T=+1 preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler. The SIGNEDNESS_OF_INT=-1 macro would be set for check_signedness('int')

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1422
def check_signedness(type, headers = nil, opts = nil, &b)
  typedef, member, prelude = typedef_expr(type, headers)
  signed = nil
  checking_for("signedness of #{type}", STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT) do
    signed = try_signedness(typedef, member, [prelude], opts, &b) or next nil
    $defs.push("-DSIGNEDNESS_OF_%s=%+d" % [type.tr_cpp, signed])
    signed < 0 ? "signed" : "unsigned"
  end
  signed
end

check_sizeof(type, headers = nil, opts = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns the size of the given type. You may optionally specify additional headers to search in for the type.

If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the type name, in uppercase, prepended with SIZEOF_, followed by the type name, followed by =X where “X” is the actual size.

For example, if check_sizeof('mystruct') returned 12, then the SIZEOF_MYSTRUCT=12 preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1393
def check_sizeof(type, headers = nil, opts = "", &b)
  typedef, member, prelude = typedef_expr(type, headers)
  prelude << "#{typedef} *rbcv_ptr_;\n"
  prelude = [prelude]
  expr = "sizeof((*rbcv_ptr_)#{"." << member if member})"
  fmt = STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT
  checking_for checking_message("size of #{type}", headers), fmt do
    if size = try_constant(expr, prelude, opts, &b)
      $defs.push(format("-DSIZEOF_%s=%s", type.tr_cpp, size))
      size
    end
  end
end

convertible_int(type, headers = nil, opts = nil, &b) click to toggle source

Returns the convertible integer type of the given type. You may optionally specify additional headers to search in for the type. convertible means actually the same type, or typedef’d from the same type.

If the type is an integer type and the convertible type is found, the following macros are passed as preprocessor constants to the compiler using the type name, in uppercase.

TYPEOF_, followed by the type name, followed by =X where “X” is the found convertible type name.
TYP2NUM and NUM2TYP, where TYP is the type name in uppercase with replacing an _t suffix with “T”, followed by =X where “X” is the macro name to convert type to an Integer object, and vice versa.

For example, if foobar_t is defined as unsigned long, then convertible_int("foobar_t") would return “unsigned long”, and define these macros:

#define TYPEOF_FOOBAR_T unsigned long
#define FOOBART2NUM ULONG2NUM
#define NUM2FOOBART NUM2ULONG

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1457
def convertible_int(type, headers = nil, opts = nil, &b)
  type, macname = *type
  checking_for("convertible type of #{type}", STRING_OR_FAILED_FORMAT) do
    if UNIVERSAL_INTS.include?(type)
      type
    else
      typedef, member, prelude = typedef_expr(type, headers, &b)
      if member
        prelude << "static rbcv_typedef_ rbcv_var;"
        compat = UNIVERSAL_INTS.find {|t|
          try_static_assert("sizeof(rbcv_var.#{member}) == sizeof(#{t})", [prelude], opts, &b)
        }
      else
        next unless signed = try_signedness(typedef, member, [prelude])
        u = "unsigned " if signed > 0
        prelude << "extern rbcv_typedef_ foo();"
        compat = UNIVERSAL_INTS.find {|t|
          try_compile([prelude, "extern #{u}#{t} foo();"].join("\n"), opts, :werror=>true, &b)
        }
      end
      if compat
        macname ||= type.sub(/_(?=t\z)/, '').tr_cpp
        conv = (compat == "long long" ? "LL" : compat.upcase)
        compat = "#{u}#{compat}"
        typename = type.tr_cpp
        $defs.push(format("-DSIZEOF_%s=SIZEOF_%s", typename, compat.tr_cpp))
        $defs.push(format("-DTYPEOF_%s=%s", typename, compat.quote))
        $defs.push(format("-DPRI_%s_PREFIX=PRI_%s_PREFIX", macname, conv))
        conv = (u ? "U" : "") + conv
        $defs.push(format("-D%s2NUM=%s2NUM", macname, conv))
        $defs.push(format("-DNUM2%s=NUM2%s", macname, conv))
        compat
      end
    end
  end
end

create_header(header = "extconf.h") click to toggle source

Generates a header file consisting of the various macro definitions generated by other methods such as have_func and have_header. These are then wrapped in a custom #ifndef based on the header file name, which defaults to “extconf.h”.

For example:

# extconf.rb
require 'mkmf'
have_func('realpath')
have_header('sys/utime.h')
create_header
create_makefile('foo')

The above script would generate the following extconf.h file:

#ifndef EXTCONF_H
#define EXTCONF_H
#define HAVE_REALPATH 1
#define HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H 1
#endif

Given that the create_header method generates a file based on definitions set earlier in your extconf.rb file, you will probably want to make this one of the last methods you call in your script.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1749
def create_header(header = "extconf.h")
  message "creating %s\n", header
  sym = header.tr_cpp
  hdr = ["#ifndef #{sym}\n#define #{sym}\n"]
  for line in $defs
    case line
    when /^-D([^=]+)(?:=(.*))?/
      hdr << "#define #$1 #{$2 ? Shellwords.shellwords($2)[0].gsub(/(?=\t+)/, "\\\n") : 1}\n"
    when /^-U(.*)/
      hdr << "#undef #$1\n"
    end
  end
  hdr << "#endif\n"
  hdr = hdr.join("")
  log_src(hdr, "#{header} is")
  unless (File.read(header) == hdr rescue false)
    File.open(header, "wb") do |hfile|
      hfile.write(hdr)
    end
  end
  $extconf_h = header
end

create_makefile(target, srcprefix = nil) { |conf| ... } click to toggle source

Generates the Makefile for your extension, passing along any options and preprocessor constants that you may have generated through other methods.

The target name should correspond the name of the global function name defined within your C extension, minus the Init_. For example, if your C extension is defined as Init_foo, then your target would simply be “foo”.

If any “/” characters are present in the target name, only the last name is interpreted as the target name, and the rest are considered toplevel directory names, and the generated Makefile will be altered accordingly to follow that directory structure.

For example, if you pass “test/foo” as a target name, your extension will be installed under the “test” directory. This means that in order to load the file within a Ruby program later, that directory structure will have to be followed, e.g. require 'test/foo'.

The srcprefix should be used when your source files are not in the same directory as your build script. This will not only eliminate the need for you to manually copy the source files into the same directory as your build script, but it also sets the proper target_prefix in the generated Makefile.

Setting the target_prefix will, in turn, install the generated binary in a directory under your RbConfig::CONFIG['sitearchdir'] that mimics your local filesystem when you run make install.

For example, given the following file tree:

ext/
  extconf.rb
  test/
    foo.c

And given the following code:

create_makefile('test/foo', 'test')

That will set the target_prefix in the generated Makefile to “test”. That, in turn, will create the following file tree when installed via the make install command:

/path/to/ruby/sitearchdir/test/foo.so

It is recommended that you use this approach to generate your makefiles, instead of copying files around manually, because some third party libraries may depend on the target_prefix being set properly.

The srcprefix argument can be used to override the default source directory, i.e. the current directory. It is included as part of the VPATH and added to the list of INCFLAGS.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2265
  def create_makefile(target, srcprefix = nil)
    $target = target
    libpath = $DEFLIBPATH|$LIBPATH
    message "creating Makefile\n"
    MakeMakefile.rm_f "#{CONFTEST}*"
    if CONFIG["DLEXT"] == $OBJEXT
      for lib in libs = $libs.split(' ')
        lib.sub!(/-l(.*)/, %%"lib\\1.#{$LIBEXT}"%)
      end
      $defs.push(format("-DEXTLIB='%s'", libs.join(",")))
    end

    if target.include?('/')
      target_prefix, target = File.split(target)
      target_prefix[0,0] = '/'
    else
      target_prefix = ""
    end

    srcprefix ||= "$(srcdir)/#{srcprefix}".chomp('/')
    RbConfig.expand(srcdir = srcprefix.dup)

    ext = ".#{$OBJEXT}"
    orig_srcs = Dir[File.join(srcdir, "*.{#{SRC_EXT.join(%q{,})}}")]
    if not $objs
      srcs = $srcs || orig_srcs
      $objs = []
      objs = srcs.inject(Hash.new {[]}) {|h, f|
        h.key?(o = File.basename(f, ".*") << ext) or $objs << o
        h[o] <<= f
        h
      }
      unless objs.delete_if {|b, f| f.size == 1}.empty?
        dups = objs.map {|b, f|
          "#{b[/.*\./]}{#{f.collect {|n| n[/([^.]+)\z/]}.join(',')}}"
        }
        abort "source files duplication - #{dups.join(", ")}"
      end
    else
      $objs.collect! {|o| File.basename(o, ".*") << ext} unless $OBJEXT == "o"
      srcs = $srcs || $objs.collect {|o| o.chomp(ext) << ".c"}
    end
    $srcs = srcs

    hdrs = Dir[File.join(srcdir, "*.{#{HDR_EXT.join(%q{,})}}")]

    target = nil if $objs.empty?

    if target and EXPORT_PREFIX
      if File.exist?(File.join(srcdir, target + '.def'))
        deffile = "$(srcdir)/$(TARGET).def"
        unless EXPORT_PREFIX.empty?
          makedef = %{$(RUBY) -pe "$$_.sub!(/^(?=\\w)/,'#{EXPORT_PREFIX}') unless 1../^EXPORTS$/i" #{deffile}}
        end
      else
        makedef = %{(echo EXPORTS && echo $(TARGET_ENTRY))}
      end
      if makedef
        $cleanfiles << '$(DEFFILE)'
        origdef = deffile
        deffile = "$(TARGET)-$(arch).def"
      end
    end
    origdef ||= ''

    if $extout and $INSTALLFILES
      $cleanfiles.concat($INSTALLFILES.collect {|files, dir|File.join(dir, files.delete_prefix('./'))})
      $distcleandirs.concat($INSTALLFILES.collect {|files, dir| dir})
    end

    if $extmk and $static
      $defs << "-DRUBY_EXPORT=1"
    end

    if $extmk and not $extconf_h
      create_header
    end

    libpath = libpathflag(libpath)

    dllib = target ? "$(TARGET).#{CONFIG['DLEXT']}" : ""
    staticlib = target ? "$(TARGET).#$LIBEXT" : ""
    conf = configuration(srcprefix)
    conf << "\
libpath = #{($DEFLIBPATH|$LIBPATH).join(" ")}
LIBPATH = #{libpath}
DEFFILE = #{deffile}

CLEANFILES = #{$cleanfiles.join(' ')}
DISTCLEANFILES = #{$distcleanfiles.join(' ')}
DISTCLEANDIRS = #{$distcleandirs.join(' ')}

extout = #{$extout && $extout.quote}
extout_prefix = #{$extout_prefix}
target_prefix = #{target_prefix}
LOCAL_LIBS = #{$LOCAL_LIBS}
LIBS = #{$LIBRUBYARG} #{$libs} #{$LIBS}
ORIG_SRCS = #{orig_srcs.collect(&File.method(:basename)).join(' ')}
SRCS = $(ORIG_SRCS) #{(srcs - orig_srcs).collect(&File.method(:basename)).join(' ')}
OBJS = #{$objs.join(" ")}
HDRS = #{hdrs.map{|h| '$(srcdir)/' + File.basename(h)}.join(' ')}
LOCAL_HDRS = #{$headers.join(' ')}
TARGET = #{target}
TARGET_NAME = #{target && target[/\A\w+/]}
TARGET_ENTRY = #{EXPORT_PREFIX || ''}Init_$(TARGET_NAME)
DLLIB = #{dllib}
EXTSTATIC = #{$static || ""}
STATIC_LIB = #{staticlib unless $static.nil?}
#{!$extout && defined?($installed_list) ? "INSTALLED_LIST = #{$installed_list}\n" : ""}
TIMESTAMP_DIR = #{$extout && $extmk ? '$(extout)/.timestamp' : '.'}
" #"
    # TODO: fixme
    install_dirs.each {|d| conf << ("%-14s= %s\n" % d) if /^[[:upper:]]/ =~ d[0]}
    sodir = $extout ? '$(TARGET_SO_DIR)' : '$(RUBYARCHDIR)'
    n = '$(TARGET_SO_DIR)$(TARGET)'
    cleanobjs = ["$(OBJS)"]
    if $extmk
      %w[bc i s].each {|ex| cleanobjs << "$(OBJS:.#{$OBJEXT}=.#{ex})"}
    end
    if target
      config_string('cleanobjs') {|t| cleanobjs << t.gsub(/\$\*/, "$(TARGET)#{deffile ? '-$(arch)': ''}")}
    end
    conf << "\
TARGET_SO_DIR =#{$extout ? " $(RUBYARCHDIR)/" : ''}
TARGET_SO     = $(TARGET_SO_DIR)$(DLLIB)
CLEANLIBS     = #{'$(TARGET_SO) ' if target}#{config_string('cleanlibs') {|t| t.gsub(/\$\*/) {n}}}
CLEANOBJS     = #{cleanobjs.join(' ')} *.bak
TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP = #{timestamp_file(sodir, target_prefix)}
" #"

    conf = yield(conf) if block_given?
    mfile = File.open("Makefile", "wb")
    mfile.puts(conf)
    mfile.print "
all:    #{$extout ? "install" : target ? "$(DLLIB)" : "Makefile"}
static: #{$extmk && !$static ? "all" : "$(STATIC_LIB)#{$extout ? " install-rb" : ""}"}
.PHONY: all install static install-so install-rb
.PHONY: clean clean-so clean-static clean-rb
" #"
    mfile.print CLEANINGS
    fsep = config_string('BUILD_FILE_SEPARATOR') {|s| s unless s == "/"}
    if fsep
      sep = ":/=#{fsep}"
      fseprepl = proc {|s|
        s = s.gsub("/", fsep)
        s = s.gsub(/(\$\(\w+)(\))/) {$1+sep+$2}
        s.gsub(/(\$\{\w+)(\})/) {$1+sep+$2}
      }
      rsep = ":#{fsep}=/"
    else
      fseprepl = proc {|s| s}
      sep = ""
      rsep = ""
    end
    dirs = []
    mfile.print "install: install-so install-rb\n\n"
    dir = sodir.dup
    mfile.print("install-so: ")
    if target
      f = "$(DLLIB)"
      dest = "$(TARGET_SO)"
      stamp = '$(TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP)'
      if $extout
        mfile.puts dest
        mfile.print "clean-so::\n"
        mfile.print "\t-$(Q)$(RM) #{fseprepl[dest]} #{fseprepl[stamp]}\n"
        mfile.print "\t-$(Q)$(RMDIRS) #{fseprepl[dir]}#{$ignore_error}\n"
      else
        mfile.print "#{f} #{stamp}\n"
        mfile.print "\t$(INSTALL_PROG) #{fseprepl[f]} #{dir}\n"
        if defined?($installed_list)
          mfile.print "\t@echo #{dir}/#{File.basename(f)}>>$(INSTALLED_LIST)\n"
        end
      end
      mfile.print "clean-static::\n"
      mfile.print "\t-$(Q)$(RM) $(STATIC_LIB)\n"
    else
      mfile.puts "Makefile"
    end
    mfile.print("install-rb: pre-install-rb do-install-rb install-rb-default\n")
    mfile.print("install-rb-default: pre-install-rb-default do-install-rb-default\n")
    mfile.print("pre-install-rb: Makefile\n")
    mfile.print("pre-install-rb-default: Makefile\n")
    mfile.print("do-install-rb:\n")
    mfile.print("do-install-rb-default:\n")
    for sfx, i in [["-default", [["lib/**/*.rb", "$(RUBYLIBDIR)", "lib"]]], ["", $INSTALLFILES]]
      files = install_files(mfile, i, nil, srcprefix) or next
      for dir, *files in files
        unless dirs.include?(dir)
          dirs << dir
          mfile.print "pre-install-rb#{sfx}: #{timestamp_file(dir, target_prefix)}\n"
        end
        for f in files
          dest = "#{dir}/#{File.basename(f)}"
          mfile.print("do-install-rb#{sfx}: #{dest}\n")
          mfile.print("#{dest}: #{f} #{timestamp_file(dir, target_prefix)}\n")
          mfile.print("\t$(Q) $(#{$extout ? 'COPY' : 'INSTALL_DATA'}) #{f} $(@D)\n")
          if defined?($installed_list) and !$extout
            mfile.print("\t@echo #{dest}>>$(INSTALLED_LIST)\n")
          end
          if $extout
            mfile.print("clean-rb#{sfx}::\n")
            mfile.print("\t-$(Q)$(RM) #{fseprepl[dest]}\n")
          end
        end
      end
      mfile.print "pre-install-rb#{sfx}:\n"
      if files.empty?
        mfile.print("\t@$(NULLCMD)\n")
      else
        q = "$(MAKE) -q do-install-rb#{sfx}"
        if $nmake
          mfile.print "!if \"$(Q)\" == \"@\"\n\t@#{q} || \\\n!endif\n\t"
        else
          mfile.print "\t$(Q1:0=@#{q} || )"
        end
        mfile.print "$(ECHO1:0=echo) installing#{sfx.sub(/^-/, " ")} #{target} libraries\n"
      end
      if $extout
        dirs.uniq!
        unless dirs.empty?
          mfile.print("clean-rb#{sfx}::\n")
          for dir in dirs.sort_by {|d| -d.count('/')}
            stamp = timestamp_file(dir, target_prefix)
            mfile.print("\t-$(Q)$(RM) #{fseprepl[stamp]}\n")
            mfile.print("\t-$(Q)$(RMDIRS) #{fseprepl[dir]}#{$ignore_error}\n")
          end
        end
      end
    end
    if target and !dirs.include?(sodir)
      mfile.print "$(TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP):\n\t$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D) #{sodir}\n\t$(Q) $(TOUCH) $@\n"
    end
    dirs.each do |d|
      t = timestamp_file(d, target_prefix)
      mfile.print "#{t}:\n\t$(Q) $(MAKEDIRS) $(@D) #{d}\n\t$(Q) $(TOUCH) $@\n"
    end

    mfile.print <<-SITEINSTALL

site-install: site-install-so site-install-rb
site-install-so: install-so
site-install-rb: install-rb

    SITEINSTALL

    return unless target

    mfile.print ".SUFFIXES: .#{(SRC_EXT + [$OBJEXT, $ASMEXT]).compact.join(' .')}\n"
    mfile.print "\n"

    compile_command = "\n\t$(ECHO) compiling $(<#{rsep})\n\t$(Q) %s\n\n"
    command = compile_command % COMPILE_CXX
    asm_command = compile_command.sub(/compiling/, 'translating') % ASSEMBLE_CXX
    CXX_EXT.each do |e|
      each_compile_rules do |rule|
        mfile.printf(rule, e, $OBJEXT)
        mfile.print(command)
        mfile.printf(rule, e, $ASMEXT)
        mfile.print(asm_command)
      end
    end
    command = compile_command % COMPILE_C
    asm_command = compile_command.sub(/compiling/, 'translating') % ASSEMBLE_C
    C_EXT.each do |e|
      each_compile_rules do |rule|
        mfile.printf(rule, e, $OBJEXT)
        mfile.print(command)
        mfile.printf(rule, e, $ASMEXT)
        mfile.print(asm_command)
      end
    end

    mfile.print "$(TARGET_SO): "
    mfile.print "$(DEFFILE) " if makedef
    mfile.print "$(OBJS) Makefile"
    mfile.print " $(TARGET_SO_DIR_TIMESTAMP)" if $extout
    mfile.print "\n"
    mfile.print "\t$(ECHO) linking shared-object #{target_prefix.sub(/\A\/(.*)/, '\1/')}$(DLLIB)\n"
    mfile.print "\t-$(Q)$(RM) $(@#{sep})\n"
    link_so = LINK_SO.gsub(/^/, "\t$(Q) ")
    if srcs.any?(&%r"\.(?:#{CXX_EXT.join('|')})\z".method(:===))
      link_so = link_so.sub(/\bLDSHARED\b/, '\&XX')
    end
    mfile.print link_so, "\n\n"
    unless $static.nil?
      mfile.print "$(STATIC_LIB): $(OBJS)\n\t-$(Q)$(RM) $(@#{sep})\n\t"
      mfile.print "$(ECHO) linking static-library $(@#{rsep})\n\t$(Q) "
      mfile.print "$(AR) #{config_string('ARFLAGS') || 'cru '}$@ $(OBJS)"
      config_string('RANLIB') do |ranlib|
        mfile.print "\n\t-$(Q)#{ranlib} $(@)#{$ignore_error}"
      end
    end
    mfile.print "\n\n"
    if makedef
      mfile.print "$(DEFFILE): #{origdef}\n"
      mfile.print "\t$(ECHO) generating $(@#{rsep})\n"
      mfile.print "\t$(Q) #{makedef} > $@\n\n"
    end

    depend = File.join(srcdir, "depend")
    if File.exist?(depend)
      mfile.print("###\n", *depend_rules(File.read(depend)))
    else
      mfile.print "$(OBJS): $(HDRS) $(ruby_headers)\n"
    end

    $makefile_created = true
  ensure
    mfile.close if mfile
  end

depend_rules(depend) click to toggle source

Processes the data contents of the “depend” file. Each line of this file is expected to be a file name.

Returns the output of findings, in Makefile format.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2150
def depend_rules(depend)
  suffixes = []
  depout = []
  cont = implicit = nil
  impconv = proc do
    each_compile_rules {|rule| depout << (rule % implicit[0]) << implicit[1]}
    implicit = nil
  end
  ruleconv = proc do |line|
    if implicit
      if /\A\t/ =~ line
        implicit[1] << line
        next
      else
        impconv[]
      end
    end
    if m = /\A\.(\w+)\.(\w+)(?:\s*:)/.match(line)
      suffixes << m[1] << m[2]
      implicit = [[m[1], m[2]], [m.post_match]]
      next
    elsif RULE_SUBST and /\A(?!\s*\w+\s*=)[$\w][^#]*:/ =~ line
      line.sub!(/\s*\#.*$/, '')
      comment = $&
      line.gsub!(%r"(\s)(?!\.)([^$(){}+=:\s\\,]+)(?=\s|\z)") {$1 + RULE_SUBST % $2}
      line = line.chomp + comment + "\n" if comment
    end
    depout << line
  end
  depend.each_line do |line|
    line.gsub!(/\.o\b/, ".#{$OBJEXT}")
    line.gsub!(/\{\$\(VPATH\)\}/, "") unless $nmake
    line.gsub!(/\$\((?:hdr|top)dir\)\/config.h/, $config_h)
    if $nmake && /\A\s*\$\(RM|COPY\)/ =~ line
      line.gsub!(%r"[-\w\./]{2,}"){$&.tr("/", "\\")}
      line.gsub!(/(\$\((?!RM|COPY)[^:)]+)(?=\))/, '\1:/=\\')
    end
    if /(?:^|[^\\])(?:\\\\)*\\$/ =~ line
      (cont ||= []) << line
      next
    elsif cont
      line = (cont << line).join
      cont = nil
    end
    ruleconv.call(line)
  end
  if cont
    ruleconv.call(cont.join)
  elsif implicit
    impconv.call
  end
  unless suffixes.empty?
    depout.unshift(".SUFFIXES: ." + suffixes.uniq.join(" .") + "\n\n")
  end
  if $extconf_h
    depout.unshift("$(OBJS): $(RUBY_EXTCONF_H)\n\n")
    depout.unshift("$(OBJS): $(hdrdir)/ruby/win32.h\n\n") if $mswin or $mingw
  end
  depout.flatten!
  depout
end

dir_config(target) click to toggle source

dir_config(target, prefix)

dir_config(target, idefault, ldefault)

Sets a target name that the user can then use to configure various “with” options with on the command line by using that name. For example, if the target is set to “foo”, then the user could use the --with-foo-dir=prefix, --with-foo-include=dir and --with-foo-lib=dir command line options to tell where to search for header/library files.

You may pass along additional parameters to specify default values. If one is given it is taken as default prefix, and if two are given they are taken as “include” and “lib” defaults in that order.

In any case, the return value will be an array of determined “include” and “lib” directories, either of which can be nil if no corresponding command line option is given when no default value is specified.

Note that dir_config only adds to the list of places to search for libraries and include files. It does not link the libraries into your application.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1799
def dir_config(target, idefault=nil, ldefault=nil)
  if conf = $config_dirs[target]
    return conf
  end

  if dir = with_config(target + "-dir", (idefault unless ldefault))
    defaults = Array === dir ? dir : dir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
    idefault = ldefault = nil
  end

  idir = with_config(target + "-include", idefault)
  $arg_config.last[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/include"
  ldir = with_config(target + "-lib", ldefault)
  $arg_config.last[1] ||= "${#{target}-dir}/#{_libdir_basename}"

  idirs = idir ? Array === idir ? idir.dup : idir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) : []
  if defaults
    idirs.concat(defaults.collect {|d| d + "/include"})
    idir = ([idir] + idirs).compact.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
  end
  unless idirs.empty?
    idirs.collect! {|d| "-I" + d}
    idirs -= Shellwords.shellwords($CPPFLAGS)
    unless idirs.empty?
      $CPPFLAGS = (idirs.quote << $CPPFLAGS).join(" ")
    end
  end

  ldirs = ldir ? Array === ldir ? ldir.dup : ldir.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) : []
  if defaults
    ldirs.concat(defaults.collect {|d| "#{d}/#{_libdir_basename}"})
    ldir = ([ldir] + ldirs).compact.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
  end
  $LIBPATH = ldirs | $LIBPATH

  $config_dirs[target] = [idir, ldir]
end

dummy_makefile(srcdir) click to toggle source

Creates a stub Makefile.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2119
  def dummy_makefile(srcdir)
    configuration(srcdir) << <<RULES << CLEANINGS
CLEANFILES = #{$cleanfiles.join(' ')}
DISTCLEANFILES = #{$distcleanfiles.join(' ')}

all install static install-so install-rb: Makefile
        @$(NULLCMD)
.PHONY: all install static install-so install-rb
.PHONY: clean clean-so clean-static clean-rb

RULES
  end

enable_config(config, default=nil) { |config, default| ... } click to toggle source

Tests for the presence of an --enable-config or --disable-config option. Returns true if the enable option is given, false if the disable option is given, and the default value otherwise.

This can be useful for adding custom definitions, such as debug information.

Example:

if enable_config("debug")
   $defs.push("-DOSSL_DEBUG") unless $defs.include? "-DOSSL_DEBUG"
end

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1711
def enable_config(config, default=nil)
  if arg_config("--enable-"+config)
    true
  elsif arg_config("--disable-"+config)
    false
  elsif block_given?
    yield(config, default)
  else
    return default
  end
end

find_executable(bin, path = nil) click to toggle source

Searches for the executable bin on path. The default path is your PATH environment variable. If that isn’t defined, it will resort to searching /usr/local/bin, /usr/ucb, /usr/bin and /bin.

If found, it will return the full path, including the executable name, of where it was found.

Note that this method does not actually affect the generated Makefile.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1641
def find_executable(bin, path = nil)
  checking_for checking_message(bin, path) do
    find_executable0(bin, path)
  end
end

find_header(header, *paths) click to toggle source

Instructs mkmf to search for the given header in any of the paths provided, and returns whether or not it was found in those paths.

If the header is found then the path it was found on is added to the list of included directories that are sent to the compiler (via the -I switch).

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1205
def find_header(header, *paths)
  message = checking_message(header, paths)
  header = cpp_include(header)
  checking_for message do
    if try_header(header)
      true
    else
      found = false
      paths.each do |dir|
        opt = "-I#{dir}".quote
        if try_header(header, opt)
          $INCFLAGS << " " << opt
          found = true
          break
        end
      end
      found
    end
  end
end

find_library(lib, func, *paths, &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the entry point func can be found within the library lib in one of the paths specified, where paths is an array of strings. If func is nil , then the main() function is used as the entry point.

If lib is found, then the path it was found on is added to the list of library paths searched and linked against.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1079
def find_library(lib, func, *paths, &b)
  dir_config(lib)
  lib = with_config(lib+'lib', lib)
  paths = paths.flat_map {|path| path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)}
  checking_for checking_message(func && func.funcall_style, LIBARG%lib) do
    libpath = $LIBPATH
    libs = append_library($libs, lib)
    begin
      until r = try_func(func, libs, &b) or paths.empty?
        $LIBPATH = libpath | [paths.shift]
      end
      if r
        $libs = libs
        libpath = nil
      end
    ensure
      $LIBPATH = libpath if libpath
    end
    r
  end
end

find_type(type, opt, *headers, &b) click to toggle source

Returns where the static type type is defined.

You may also pass additional flags to opt which are then passed along to the compiler.

See also have_type.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1302
def find_type(type, opt, *headers, &b)
  opt ||= ""
  fmt = "not found"
  def fmt.%(x)
    x ? x.respond_to?(:join) ? x.join(",") : x : self
  end
  checking_for checking_message(type, nil, opt), fmt do
    headers.find do |h|
      try_type(type, h, opt, &b)
    end
  end
end

have_const(const, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the constant const is defined. You may optionally pass the type of const as [const, type], such as:

have_const(%w[PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER pthread_mutex_t], "pthread.h")

You may also pass additional headers to check against in addition to the common header files, and additional flags to opt which are then passed along to the compiler.

If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the type name, in uppercase, prepended with HAVE_CONST_.

For example, if have_const('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_CONST_FOO preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1350
def have_const(const, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
  checking_for checking_message([*const].compact.join(' '), headers, opt) do
    try_const(const, headers, opt, &b)
  end
end

have_framework(fw, &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the given framework can be found on your system. If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the framework name, in uppercase, prepended with HAVE_FRAMEWORK_.

For example, if have_framework('Ruby') returned true, then the HAVE_FRAMEWORK_RUBY preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

If fw is a pair of the framework name and its header file name that header file is checked, instead of the normally used header file which is named same as the framework.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1176
def have_framework(fw, &b)
  if Array === fw
    fw, header = *fw
  else
    header = "#{fw}.h"
  end
  checking_for fw do
    src = cpp_include("#{fw}/#{header}") << "\n" "int main(void){return 0;}"
    opt = " -framework #{fw}"
    if try_link(src, opt, &b) or (objc = try_link(src, "-ObjC#{opt}", &b))
      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_FRAMEWORK_%s", fw.tr_cpp))
      # TODO: non-worse way than this hack, to get rid of separating
      # option and its argument.
      $LDFLAGS << " -ObjC" if objc and /(\A|\s)-ObjC(\s|\z)/ !~ $LDFLAGS
      $LIBS << opt
      true
    else
      false
    end
  end
end

have_func(func, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the function func can be found in the common header files, or within any headers that you provide. If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the function name, in uppercase, prepended with HAVE_.

To check functions in an additional library, you need to check that library first using have_library(). The func shall be either mere function name or function name with arguments.

For example, if have_func('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_FOO preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1113
def have_func(func, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
  checking_for checking_message(func.funcall_style, headers, opt) do
    if try_func(func, $libs, headers, opt, &b)
      $defs << "-DHAVE_#{func.sans_arguments.tr_cpp}"
      true
    else
      false
    end
  end
end

have_header(header, preheaders = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the given header file can be found on your system. If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the header file name, in uppercase, prepended with HAVE_.

For example, if have_header('foo.h') returned true, then the HAVE_FOO_H preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1153
def have_header(header, preheaders = nil, opt = "", &b)
  dir_config(header[/.*?(?=\/)|.*?(?=\.)/])
  checking_for header do
    if try_header(cpp_include(preheaders)+cpp_include(header), opt, &b)
      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_%s", header.tr_cpp))
      true
    else
      false
    end
  end
end

have_library(lib, func = nil, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the given entry point func can be found within lib. If func is nil, the main() entry point is used by default. If found, it adds the library to list of libraries to be used when linking your extension.

If headers are provided, it will include those header files as the header files it looks in when searching for func.

The real name of the library to be linked can be altered by --with-FOOlib configuration option.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1053
def have_library(lib, func = nil, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
  dir_config(lib)
  lib = with_config(lib+'lib', lib)
  checking_for checking_message(func && func.funcall_style, LIBARG%lib, opt) do
    if COMMON_LIBS.include?(lib)
      true
    else
      libs = append_library($libs, lib)
      if try_func(func, libs, headers, opt, &b)
        $libs = libs
        true
      else
        false
      end
    end
  end
end

have_macro(macro, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not macro is defined either in the common header files or within any headers you provide.

Any options you pass to opt are passed along to the compiler.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1036
def have_macro(macro, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
  checking_for checking_message(macro, headers, opt) do
    macro_defined?(macro, cpp_include(headers), opt, &b)
  end
end

have_struct_member(type, member, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the struct of type type contains member. If it does not, or the struct type can’t be found, then false is returned. You may optionally specify additional headers in which to look for the struct (in addition to the common header files).

If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the type name and the member name, in uppercase, prepended with HAVE_.

For example, if have_struct_member('struct foo', 'bar') returned true, then the HAVE_STRUCT_FOO_BAR preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

HAVE_ST_BAR is also defined for backward compatibility.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1241
  def have_struct_member(type, member, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
    checking_for checking_message("#{type}.#{member}", headers) do
      if try_compile(<<"SRC", opt, &b)
#{cpp_include(headers)}
/*top*/
int s = (char *)&((#{type}*)0)->#{member} - (char *)0;
#{MAIN_DOES_NOTHING}
SRC
        $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_%s_%s", type.tr_cpp, member.tr_cpp))
        $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_ST_%s", member.tr_cpp)) # backward compatibility
        true
      else
        false
      end
    end
  end

have_type(type, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the static type type is defined. You may optionally pass additional headers to check against in addition to the common header files.

You may also pass additional flags to opt which are then passed along to the compiler.

If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the type name, in uppercase, prepended with HAVE_TYPE_.

For example, if have_type('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_TYPE_FOO preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1289
def have_type(type, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
  checking_for checking_message(type, headers, opt) do
    try_type(type, headers, opt, &b)
  end
end

have_var(var, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the variable var can be found in the common header files, or within any headers that you provide. If found, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the variable name, in uppercase, prepended with HAVE_.

To check variables in an additional library, you need to check that library first using have_library().

For example, if have_var('foo') returned true, then the HAVE_FOO preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1135
def have_var(var, headers = nil, opt = "", &b)
  checking_for checking_message(var, headers, opt) do
    if try_var(var, headers, opt, &b)
      $defs.push(format("-DHAVE_%s", var.tr_cpp))
      true
    else
      false
    end
  end
end

pkg_config(pkg, *options) click to toggle source

Returns compile/link information about an installed library in a tuple of [cflags, ldflags, libs], by using the command found first in the following commands:

If --with-{pkg}-config={command} is given via command line option: {command} {options}
{pkg}-config {options}
pkg-config {options} {pkg}

Where options is the option name without dashes, for instance "cflags" for the --cflags flag.

The values obtained are appended to $INCFLAGS, $CFLAGS, $LDFLAGS and $libs.

If one or more options argument is given, the config command is invoked with the options and a stripped output string is returned without modifying any of the global values mentioned above.

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 1856
def pkg_config(pkg, *options)
  _, ldir = dir_config(pkg)
  if ldir
    pkg_config_path = "#{ldir}/pkgconfig"
    if File.directory?(pkg_config_path)
      Logging.message("PKG_CONFIG_PATH = %s\n", pkg_config_path)
      envs = ["PKG_CONFIG_PATH"=>[pkg_config_path, ENV["PKG_CONFIG_PATH"]].compact.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)]
    end
  end
  if pkgconfig = with_config("#{pkg}-config") and find_executable0(pkgconfig)
    # if and only if package specific config command is given
  elsif ($PKGCONFIG ||=
         (pkgconfig = with_config("pkg-config") {config_string("PKG_CONFIG") || "pkg-config"}) &&
         find_executable0(pkgconfig) && pkgconfig) and
      xsystem([*envs, $PKGCONFIG, "--exists", pkg])
    # default to pkg-config command
    pkgconfig = $PKGCONFIG
    args = [pkg]
  elsif find_executable0(pkgconfig = "#{pkg}-config")
    # default to package specific config command, as a last resort.
  else
    pkgconfig = nil
  end
  if pkgconfig
    get = proc {|opts|
      opts = Array(opts).map { |o| "--#{o}" }
      opts = xpopen([*envs, pkgconfig, *opts, *args], err:[:child, :out], &:read)
      Logging.open {puts opts.each_line.map{|s|"=> #{s.inspect}"}}
      opts.strip if $?.success?
    }
  end
  orig_ldflags = $LDFLAGS
  if get and !options.empty?
    get[options]
  elsif get and try_ldflags(ldflags = get['libs'])
    if incflags = get['cflags-only-I']
      $INCFLAGS << " " << incflags
      cflags = get['cflags-only-other']
    else
      cflags = get['cflags']
    end
    libs = get['libs-only-l']
    if cflags
      $CFLAGS += " " << cflags
      $CXXFLAGS += " " << cflags
    end
    if libs
      ldflags = (Shellwords.shellwords(ldflags) - Shellwords.shellwords(libs)).quote.join(" ")
    else
      libs, ldflags = Shellwords.shellwords(ldflags).partition {|s| s =~ /-l([^ ]+)/ }.map {|l|l.quote.join(" ")}
    end
    $libs += " " << libs

    $LDFLAGS = [orig_ldflags, ldflags].join(' ')
    Logging::message "package configuration for %s\n", pkg
    Logging::message "incflags: %s\ncflags: %s\nldflags: %s\nlibs: %s\n\n",
                     incflags, cflags, ldflags, libs
    [[incflags, cflags].join(' '), ldflags, libs]
  else
    Logging::message "package configuration for %s is not found\n", pkg
    nil
  end
end

try_const(const, headers = nil, opt = "", &b) click to toggle source

Returns whether or not the constant const is defined.

Private Instance Methods

cc_command(opt="") click to toggle source

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2869
def cc_command(opt="")
  conf = cc_config(opt)
  RbConfig::expand("$(CXX) #$INCFLAGS #$CPPFLAGS #$CXXFLAGS #$ARCH_FLAG #{opt} -c #{CONFTEST_CXX}",
                   conf)
end

conftest_source() click to toggle source

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2865
def conftest_source
  CONFTEST_CXX
end

have_devel?() click to toggle source

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2857
def have_devel?
  unless defined? @have_devel
    @have_devel = true
    @have_devel = try_link(MAIN_DOES_NOTHING)
  end
  @have_devel
end

link_command(ldflags, *opts) click to toggle source

# File lib/mkmf.rb, line 2875
def link_command(ldflags, *opts)
  conf = link_config(ldflags, *opts)
  RbConfig::expand(TRY_LINK_CXX.dup, conf)
end