module Bundler
Bundler
provides a consistent environment for Ruby projects by tracking and installing the exact gems and versions that are needed.
Since Ruby 2.6, Bundler
is a part of Ruby’s standard library.
Bundler
is used by creating gemfiles listing all the project dependencies and (optionally) their versions and then using
require 'bundler/setup'
or Bundler.setup
to setup environment where only specified gems and their specified versions could be used.
See Bundler website for extensive documentation on gemfiles creation and Bundler
usage.
As a standard library inside project, Bundler
could be used for introspection of loaded and required modules.
Constants
- ORIGINAL_ENV
- SUDO_MUTEX
Public Class Methods
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 321 def app_cache(custom_path = nil) path = custom_path || root Pathname.new(path).join(settings.app_cache_path) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 307 def app_config_path if app_config = ENV["BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG"] app_config_pathname = Pathname.new(app_config) if app_config_pathname.absolute? app_config_pathname else app_config_pathname.expand_path(root) end else root.join(".bundle") end end
Returns absolute location of where binstubs are installed to.
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 116 def bin_path @bin_path ||= begin path = settings[:bin] || "bin" path = Pathname.new(path).expand_path(root).expand_path SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path) {|p| FileUtils.mkdir_p(p) } path end end
Returns absolute path of where gems are installed on the filesystem.
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 96 def bundle_path @bundle_path ||= Pathname.new(configured_bundle_path.path).expand_path(root) end
@deprecated Use ‘unbundled_env` instead
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 355 def clean_env Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation( 2, "`Bundler.clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_env`", :print_caller_location => true ) unbundled_env end
@deprecated Use ‘unbundled_exec` instead
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 442 def clean_exec(*args) Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation( 2, "`Bundler.clean_exec` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_exec`. " \ "If you instead want to exec to a command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_exec`", :print_caller_location => true ) with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
@deprecated Use ‘unbundled_system` instead
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 420 def clean_system(*args) Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation( 2, "`Bundler.clean_system` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.unbundled_system`. " \ "If you instead want to run the command in the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.original_system`", :print_caller_location => true ) with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.system(*args) } end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 548 def clear_gemspec_cache @gemspec_cache = {} end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 82 def configure @configure ||= configure_gem_home_and_path end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 594 def configure_gem_home_and_path(path = bundle_path) configure_gem_path configure_gem_home(path) Bundler.rubygems.clear_paths end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 111 def configured_bundle_path @configured_bundle_path ||= settings.path.tap(&:validate!) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 100 def create_bundle_path SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(bundle_path.to_s) do |p| mkdir_p(p) end unless bundle_path.exist? @bundle_path = bundle_path.realpath rescue Errno::EEXIST raise PathError, "Could not install to path `#{bundle_path}` " \ "because a file already exists at that path. Either remove or rename the file so the directory can be created." end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 471 def default_bundle_dir SharedHelpers.default_bundle_dir end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 463 def default_gemfile SharedHelpers.default_gemfile end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 467 def default_lockfile SharedHelpers.default_lockfile end
Returns an instance of Bundler::Definition for given Gemfile and lockfile
@param unlock [Hash, Boolean, nil] Gems that have been requested
to be updated or true if all gems should be updated
@return [Bundler::Definition]
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 204 def definition(unlock = nil) @definition = nil if unlock @definition ||= begin configure Definition.build(default_gemfile, default_lockfile, unlock) end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 194 def environment SharedHelpers.major_deprecation 2, "Bundler.environment has been removed in favor of Bundler.load", :print_caller_location => true load end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 557 def feature_flag @feature_flag ||= FeatureFlag.new(VERSION) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 212 def frozen_bundle? frozen = settings[:frozen] return frozen unless frozen.nil? settings[:deployment] end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 552 def git_present? return @git_present if defined?(@git_present) @git_present = Bundler.which("git#{RbConfig::CONFIG["EXEEXT"]}") end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 285 def home bundle_path.join("bundler") end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 289 def install_path home.join("gems") end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 190 def load @load ||= Runtime.new(root, definition) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 521 def load_gemspec(file, validate = false) @gemspec_cache ||= {} key = File.expand_path(file) @gemspec_cache[key] ||= load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate) # Protect against caching side-effected gemspecs by returning a # new instance each time. @gemspec_cache[key]&.dup end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 530 def load_gemspec_uncached(file, validate = false) path = Pathname.new(file) contents = read_file(file) spec = if contents.start_with?("---") # YAML header eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents) else # Eval the gemspec from its parent directory, because some gemspecs # depend on "./" relative paths. SharedHelpers.chdir(path.dirname.to_s) do eval_gemspec(path, contents) end end return unless spec spec.loaded_from = path.expand_path.to_s Bundler.rubygems.validate(spec) if validate spec end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 458 def local_platform return Gem::Platform::RUBY if settings[:force_ruby_platform] Gem::Platform.local end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 219 def locked_gems @locked_gems ||= if defined?(@definition) && @definition definition.locked_gems elsif Bundler.default_lockfile.file? lock = Bundler.read_file(Bundler.default_lockfile) LockfileParser.new(lock) end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 492 def mkdir_p(path, options = {}) SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(path, :write) do |p| FileUtils.mkdir_p(p) end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 229 def most_specific_locked_platform?(platform) return false unless defined?(@definition) && @definition definition.most_specific_locked_platform == platform end
@return [Hash] Environment present before Bundler
was activated
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 350 def original_env ORIGINAL_ENV.clone end
Run a ‘Kernel.exec` to a subcommand with the environment present before Bundler
was activated
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 437 def original_exec(*args) with_original_env { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
Run subcommand with the environment present before Bundler
was activated
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 415 def original_system(*args) with_original_env { Kernel.system(*args) } end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 484 def preferred_gemfile_name Bundler.settings[:init_gems_rb] ? "gems.rb" : "Gemfile" end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 511 def read_file(file) SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file, :read) do File.open(file, "r:UTF-8", &:read) end end
Setups Bundler
environment (see Bundler.setup
) if it is not already set, and loads all gems from groups specified. Unlike ::setup
, can be called multiple times with different groups (if they were allowed by setup).
Assuming Gemfile
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
The code will work as follows:
Bundler.setup # allow all groups Bundler.require(:default) # requires only first_gem # ...later Bundler.require(:test) # requires second_gem
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 186 def require(*groups) setup(*groups).require(*groups) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 561 def reset! reset_paths! Plugin.reset! reset_rubygems! end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 572 def reset_paths! @bin_path = nil @bundler_major_version = nil @bundle_path = nil @configure = nil @configured_bundle_path = nil @definition = nil @load = nil @locked_gems = nil @root = nil @settings = nil @setup = nil @user_home = nil end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 587 def reset_rubygems! return unless defined?(@rubygems) && @rubygems rubygems.undo_replacements rubygems.reset @rubygems = nil end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 567 def reset_settings_and_root! @settings = nil @root = nil end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 331 def rm_rf(path) FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path) if path && File.exist?(path) rescue ArgumentError message = <<EOF It is a security vulnerability to allow your home directory to be world-writable, and bundler cannot continue. You should probably consider fixing this issue by running `chmod o-w ~` on *nix. Please refer to https://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-3.1.2/libdoc/fileutils/rdoc/FileUtils.html#method-c-remove_entry_secure for details. EOF File.world_writable?(path) ? Bundler.ui.warn(message) : raise raise PathError, "Please fix the world-writable issue with your #{path} directory" end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 297 def root @root ||= begin SharedHelpers.root rescue GemfileNotFound bundle_dir = default_bundle_dir raise GemfileNotFound, "Could not locate Gemfile or .bundle/ directory" unless bundle_dir Pathname.new(File.expand_path("..", bundle_dir)) end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 235 def ruby_scope "#{Bundler.rubygems.ruby_engine}/#{RbConfig::CONFIG["ruby_version"]}" end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 517 def safe_load_marshal(data) load_marshal(data, :marshal_proc => SafeMarshal.proc) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 600 def self_manager @self_manager ||= begin require_relative "bundler/self_manager" Bundler::SelfManager.new end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 343 def settings @settings ||= Settings.new(app_config_path) rescue GemfileNotFound @settings = Settings.new(Pathname.new(".bundle").expand_path) end
Turns on the Bundler
runtime. After Bundler.setup
call, all load
or require
of the gems would be allowed only if they are part of the Gemfile or Ruby’s standard library. If the versions specified in Gemfile, only those versions would be loaded.
Assuming Gemfile
gem 'first_gem', '= 1.0' group :test do gem 'second_gem', '= 1.0' end
The code using Bundler.setup
works as follows:
require 'third_gem' # allowed, required from global gems require 'first_gem' # allowed, loads the last installed version Bundler.setup require 'fourth_gem' # fails with LoadError require 'second_gem' # loads exactly version 1.0
Bundler.setup
can be called only once, all subsequent calls are no-op.
If groups list is provided, only gems from specified groups would be allowed (gems specified outside groups belong to special :default
group).
To require all gems from Gemfile (or only some groups), see Bundler.require
.
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 152 def setup(*groups) # Return if all groups are already loaded return @setup if defined?(@setup) && @setup definition.validate_runtime! SharedHelpers.print_major_deprecations! if groups.empty? # Load all groups, but only once @setup = load.setup else load.setup(*groups) end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 293 def specs_path bundle_path.join("specifications") end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 475 def system_bindir # Gem.bindir doesn't always return the location that RubyGems will install # system binaries. If you put '-n foo' in your .gemrc, RubyGems will # install binstubs there instead. Unfortunately, RubyGems doesn't expose # that directory at all, so rather than parse .gemrc ourselves, we allow # the directory to be set as well, via `bundle config set --local bindir foo`. Bundler.settings[:system_bindir] || Bundler.rubygems.gem_bindir end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 326 def tmp(name = Process.pid.to_s) Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir") Pathname.new(Dir.mktmpdir(["bundler", name])) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 86 def ui (defined?(@ui) && @ui) || (self.ui = UI::Shell.new) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 90 def ui=(ui) Bundler.rubygems.ui = UI::RGProxy.new(ui) @ui = ui end
@return [Hash] Environment with all bundler-related variables removed
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 367 def unbundled_env env = original_env if env.key?("BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH") env["MANPATH"] = env["BUNDLER_ORIG_MANPATH"] end env.delete_if {|k, _| k[0, 7] == "BUNDLE_" } if env.key?("RUBYOPT") rubyopt = env["RUBYOPT"].split(" ") rubyopt.delete("-r#{File.expand_path("bundler/setup", __dir__)}") rubyopt.delete("-rbundler/setup") env["RUBYOPT"] = rubyopt.join(" ") end if env.key?("RUBYLIB") rubylib = env["RUBYLIB"].split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) rubylib.delete(__dir__) env["RUBYLIB"] = rubylib.join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR) end env end
Run a ‘Kernel.exec` to a subcommand in an environment with all bundler related variables removed
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 454 def unbundled_exec(*args) with_env(unbundled_env) { Kernel.exec(*args) } end
Run subcommand in an environment with all bundler related variables removed
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 432 def unbundled_system(*args) with_unbundled_env { Kernel.system(*args) } end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 488 def use_system_gems? configured_bundle_path.use_system_gems? end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 263 def user_bundle_path(dir = "home") env_var, fallback = case dir when "home" ["BUNDLE_USER_HOME", proc { Pathname.new(user_home).join(".bundle") }] when "cache" ["BUNDLE_USER_CACHE", proc { user_bundle_path.join("cache") }] when "config" ["BUNDLE_USER_CONFIG", proc { user_bundle_path.join("config") }] when "plugin" ["BUNDLE_USER_PLUGIN", proc { user_bundle_path.join("plugin") }] else raise BundlerError, "Unknown user path requested: #{dir}" end # `fallback` will already be a Pathname, but Pathname.new() is # idempotent so it's OK Pathname.new(ENV.fetch(env_var, &fallback)) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 281 def user_cache user_bundle_path("cache") end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 239 def user_home @user_home ||= begin home = Bundler.rubygems.user_home bundle_home = home ? File.join(home, ".bundle") : nil warning = if home.nil? "Your home directory is not set." elsif !File.directory?(home) "`#{home}` is not a directory." elsif !File.writable?(home) && (!File.directory?(bundle_home) || !File.writable?(bundle_home)) "`#{home}` is not writable." end if warning Bundler.ui.warn "#{warning}\n" user_home = tmp_home_path Bundler.ui.warn "Bundler will use `#{user_home}' as your home directory temporarily.\n" user_home else Pathname.new(home) end end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 498 def which(executable) if File.file?(executable) && File.executable?(executable) executable elsif paths = ENV["PATH"] quote = '"' paths.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).find do |path| path = path[1..-2] if path.start_with?(quote) && path.end_with?(quote) executable_path = File.expand_path(executable, path) return executable_path if File.file?(executable_path) && File.executable?(executable_path) end end end
@deprecated Use ‘with_unbundled_env` instead
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 398 def with_clean_env Bundler::SharedHelpers.major_deprecation( 2, "`Bundler.with_clean_env` has been deprecated in favor of `Bundler.with_unbundled_env`. " \ "If you instead want the environment before bundler was originally loaded, use `Bundler.with_original_env`", :print_caller_location => true ) with_env(unbundled_env) { yield } end
Run block with environment present before Bundler
was activated
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 393 def with_original_env with_env(original_env) { yield } end
Run block with all bundler-related variables removed
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 410 def with_unbundled_env with_env(unbundled_env) { yield } end
Private Class Methods
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 640 def configure_gem_home(path) Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_HOME", path.to_s end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 631 def configure_gem_path unless use_system_gems? # this needs to be empty string to cause # PathSupport.split_gem_path to only load up the # Bundler --path setting as the GEM_PATH. Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "GEM_PATH", "" end end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 623 def eval_gemspec(path, contents) eval(contents, TOPLEVEL_BINDING.dup, path.expand_path.to_s) rescue ScriptError, StandardError => e msg = "There was an error while loading `#{path.basename}`: #{e.message}" raise GemspecError, Dsl::DSLError.new(msg, path, e.backtrace, contents) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 615 def eval_yaml_gemspec(path, contents) Kernel.require "psych" Gem::Specification.from_yaml(contents) rescue ::Psych::SyntaxError, ArgumentError, Gem::EndOfYAMLException, Gem::Exception eval_gemspec(path, contents) end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 609 def load_marshal(data, marshal_proc: nil) Marshal.load(data, marshal_proc) rescue TypeError => e raise MarshalError, "#{e.class}: #{e.message}" end
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 644 def tmp_home_path Kernel.send(:require, "tmpdir") SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(Dir.tmpdir) do path = Bundler.tmp at_exit { Bundler.rm_rf(path) } path end end
@param env [Hash]
# File lib/bundler.rb, line 654 def with_env(env) backup = ENV.to_hash ENV.replace(env) yield ensure ENV.replace(backup) end